Bursa Ulu Mosque was built between 1396-1400 by the Ottoman Sultan Yıldırım Bayezid, the founder of the Ottoman Empire. The mosque, one of the historical symbols of Bursa, is located on Atatürk Street in the city center of Bursa. It is considered the most classical and monumental example of the multi-legged mosque scheme. The twenty-domed structure is the largest mosque in Turkey. The architect is believed to be Ali Neccar or Hacı İvaz. The minbar of the mosque, made with the kündekari technique, is a valuable work of art, considered one of the most important examples of the transition from Seljuk carving to Ottoman wood carving. The 192 calligraphy plates and graffiti on the walls of the mosque, written by different calligraphers in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, are among the original examples of calligraphy. The fountain under an open-topped dome in the interior of the mosque is one of the remarkable features of the Ulu Cami.

Bursa Ulucami was built upon the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Yıldırım Bayezid upon his return from the Niğbolu Campaign. There is no inscription giving the construction date of the mosque; however, the date 802 (1399) on the pulpit door is accepted as the construction date of the mosque. The construction of the Bursa Ulucami is considered both as a continuation of the state's effort to impose itself on the world as a political, economic and cultural entity and as a necessity of the effort to give Ottoman society an identity. It is rumored that Somuncu Baba, one of the important Sufis of the period, read the first sermon at the opening of the mosque. When the mosque was built, it was considered very prestigious by the society and the teachers of other madrasas considered it an honor to teach here. In the following centuries, the unusually large scripts decorating the interior of the mosque were one of the reasons for the social interest and prestige.

Bursa Ulucami was subjected to many attacks and fires throughout its history. Shortly after its construction, following the capture of Yıldırım Bayezid in the Battle of Ankara, during Timur's invasion of Bursa and during Karamanoğlu Mehmed Bey's siege of Bursa during the Fatret Period (1413), the mosque was tried to be burned by piling wood on its facades. As a result of these fires, the exterior cladding was destroyed. The resulting rubble wall texture was covered with thick plaster; this situation continued until the restoration in the 1950s. In the 1958 Great Bazaar fire, the plaster was removed during the renovation after the northern courtyard was also burned. The first repair certificate of the mosque, which was reopened for worship in 1421 after the Fatret period, belongs to 1494. There are 23 more repair certificates until 1862. The muezzin mahfili was built in 1549. In 1517, when Yavuz Sultan Selim conquered Egypt and the caliphate passed to the Ottomans, the Kaaba-i şerif door cover brought by the Sultan was gifted to the Ulu Cami by the Sultan and hung to the left of the pulpit.

Bursa Ulucami has a unique place among Ottoman mosques in terms of its architectural features and artistic value. It measures 55 x 69 meters and has a rectangular plan. Its total interior area is 3,165 square meters. It is the largest of the Great Mosques in Turkey. Covered with twenty domes on twelve pillars, the dome in the center of the mosque is open. In recent years, this opening has been covered with glass. The walls are completely built with smooth cut stone. The black cover hung on a high place on the side of the eastern door adjacent to the Imam's room is the cover of the Kaaba door. Yavuz Sultan Selim, who became caliph after the Egyptian Campaign, replaced the cover of the Kaaba with a new cover sent from Istanbul. Yavuz brought the old cover to Bursa and gave it as a gift to the Great Mosque and hung it with his own hands. The cover, on which verses were embroidered with pure gold thread, remained untarnished for centuries; however, since the embroidery has fallen off due to the dampness of the mosque, the verses can be seen under bright light today. The 14th century mihrab was completed in 1751 and is rich in appearance with eight rows of stalactites and hourglass-shaped columns on the outer side corners. On the left side of the mihrab is inscribed the name of the mihrab builder, master Mehmet. The pulpit, made of walnut wood and painted black, is a rare work of art. The 0.40 x 1 meter inscription on the door states that the mosque was completed in 1400 by the order of Yıldırım Bayezid. The minbar is the work of Haci Mehmet b. Abdülaziziz el Dukki of Antep, who made the minbar of the Great Mosque of İshak Bey of Saruhanlı in Manisa in 1379.